Relative Pronouns

The relative pronoun جو jo 'which, who' can substitute for a noun or an adjective in a sentence:

جو یہ کتاب پڑھتا ھے وہ طالب علم ھے

jo yah kitaab paRhtaa hai vah taalibilm hai

'The one who reads this book is a student'

جو لڑکا یہ کتاب پڑھتا ھے وہ طالب علم ھے

jo laRkaa yah kitaab paRhtaa hai vah taalibilm hai

'The boy who reads this book is a student'

The pronoun جو jo is inflected for case and number. Its case forms are as follows:

	Singular	Plural
Direct	جو jo	جو jo
Oblique	جس jis	جنjin

In addition, the singular pronoun has a special dative form that is different from the oblique form:

جسے

jise 'to whom/which'

Before the postposition نے ne, the relative pronoun جن jin also has a special form:

جنہوں

jinhoN

The relative pronoun جو jo is widely used in certain types of compound sentences, the structure of which differs from that in English. See Compound Sentences for details.