The future tense in Hindi functions in the same way as it does in English.
It is formed from the verbal stem with a personal ending (the same as in the subjunctive mood), followed by the future suffix -ग -g and the ending आ -aa, ए -e, or ई -ii.
The conjugation is demonstrated by the example of the verb लिखना likhnaa 'to write'.
|
Person |
Gender |
Singular |
Plural |
|
I |
masculine |
मैं लिखूँगा maiN likhuuNgaa |
हम लिखेंगे ham likheNge |
|
feminine |
मैं लिखूँगी maiN likhuuNgii |
हम लिखेंगी ham likheNgii |
|
|
II |
masculine |
तू लिखेगा tuu likhegaa |
तुम लिखोगे tum likhoge आप लिखेंगे aap likheNge |
|
feminine |
तू लिखेगी tuu likhegii |
तुम लिखोगी tum likhogii आप लिखेंगी aap likheNgii |
|
|
III |
masculine |
यह yeh / वह vo लिखेगा likhegaa |
ये ye / वे ve लिखेंगे likheNge |
|
feminine |
यह yeh / वह vo लिखेगी likhegii |
ये ye / वे ve लिखेंगी likheNgii |
Several verbs have irregular future stems. These verbs are लेना lenaa 'to take' देना denaa 'to give' होना honaa 'to be'.
|
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
||||
|
I |
मैं हूँगा (हूँगी) maiN huuNgaa (huuNgii) |
मैं दूँगा (दूँगी) maiN duuNgaa (duuNgii) |
मैं लूँगा (लूँगी) maiN luuNgaa (luuNgii) |
हम होंगे (होंगी) ham hoNge (hoNgii) |
हम देंगे (देंगी) ham deNge (deNgii) |
हम लेंगे (लेंगी) ham leNge (leNgii) |
|
II |
तू होगा (होगी) tuu hogaa (hogii) |
तू देगा (देगी) tuu degaa (degii) |
तू लेगा (लेगी) tuu legaa (legii) |
तुम होगे (होगी) tum hoge (hogii) आप होंगे (होंगी) aap hoNge (hoNgii) |
तुम दोगे (दोगी) tum doge (dogii) आप देंगे (देंगी) aap deNge (deNgii) |
तुम लोगे (लोगी) tum loge (logii) आप लेंगे (लेंगी) aap leNge (leNgii) |
|
III |
यह, वह होगा (होगी) yeh, vo hogaa (hogii) |
यह, वह देगा (देगी) yeh, vo degaa (degii) |
यह, वह लेगा (लेगी) yeh, vo legaa (legii) |
ये, वे होंगे (होंगी) ye, ve hoNge (hoNgii) |
ये, वे देंगे (देंगी) ye, ve deNge (deNgii) |
ये, वे लेंगे (लेंगी) ye, ve leNge (leNgii) |
Both transitive and intransitive verbs in the future tense always agree with the subject in person, number, and gender.
For negative sentences, the particles न na and नहीं nahiiN are used. They usually precede the verb.
Examples:
मैं आप से बोलूँगी।
maiN aap see boluuNgii.
'I will speak to you.'
तुम किताब पढ़ोगे।
tum kitaab paRhoge.
'You will read the book.'
आप नहीं वापस आएँगे।
aap nahiiN vaapas aaeNge.
'You won't return.'
आप को यह गाना अच्छा लगेगा।
aap ko yeh gaanaa acchaa lagegaa.
'You will like the song.'
कल मैं यह लहंगा न पहन लूँगी।
kal maiN yeh lehańgaa na pehan luuNgii.
'I won't put on this skirt tomorrow.'
In Hindi, there are also compound future forms called the Future II, the Future Continuous, and the Future Perfect. They are formed in the same way as the present habitual tense, the present continuous, and the perfect respectively, except that the verb 'to be' is in the future tense. All these forms express the possibility or probability of an action. This usage is also called the 'presumptive' usage.
Ex: वह हिंदी बोलता होगा।
vo hindii boltaa hogaa.
'He probably speaks Hindi.'
वे काम कर रहे होंगे।
ve kaam kar rahe hoNge.
'They are probably working.'
वह आई होगी।
vo aaii hogii.
'She must have come.'
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