There are several particles that can be used instead of the case endings described in Declension of Nouns. These particles add special additional meanings.
Particle 는 / 은
These suffixes are close to the nominative case, but they usually mark the subject of the sentence. The suffix 는is used after vowels and the suffix 은 is used after consonants.
마을은 강가에 있어요. "The village is situated on the bank of the river."
나는 시간이 부족하다. "I don't have enough time."
Particle 도
This suffix is usually used for the meaning "also", "as well", "too".
그것도 어려워요. "This is difficult as well."
See Also: