In Korean, there are three types of participles formed from action verbs: past participles, present participles, and future participles.
Past Participles
Past participles are formed by attaching the suffix "은" or "ㄴ" to the stem of a verb. "은" is used after a stem that ends in a consonant and "ㄴ" is used after a stem that ends in a vowel:
Verb stem + 은/ㄴ
Examples:
간 "gone"
받은 "received"
Present Participles
Present participles are formed by attaching the suffix "는" to the stem of a verb:
Verb stem + 는
Examples:
가는 "going"
받는 "receiving"
Future Participle
Future participles are formed by attaching the suffix "을" or "ㄹ" to the stem of a verb. "을" is used after a stem that ends in a consonant and "ㄹ" is used after a stem that ends in a vowel.
Verb stem + 을/ㄹ
Examples:
갈 "will be going"
받을 "will be receiving"
See Also: