Sound plurals (جَمْعُ السَّالِم) are divided into two categories:
جَمْعُ الْمُذَكَّرِ السَّالِمِ Sound plural of masculine nouns.
جَمْعُ الْمُؤَنَّثِ السَّالِم Sound plural of feminine nouns.
The Sound Plural of Masculine Nouns
This type of plural applies to nouns and adjectives that relate to masculine rational (human) beings, and proper nouns. These plurals are formed by adding ونَ (for the nominative case) or ينَ (for the accusative case) to the end of the singular.
Examples:
teacher مُدَرِّسٌ
teachers مُدَرِّسينَ \ مُدَرِّسونَ
أَلْمُدَرِّسونَ
في
الصَّفِّ
The teachers are in class.
رأَى
الطُّلابُ
الْمُدَرِّسينَ
The students see the teachers.
employee مُوَظَّفٌ
employees مَوَظَّفينَ \ مُوَظَّفونَ
أَلْمُوَظَّفونَ
في
الْمَكْتَبِ
The employees are in the office.
إسْتَمَعْتُ
إلى
الْمُوَظَّفينَ
I listened to the employees.
The Sound Plural of Feminine Nouns
This type of plural is formed by adding اتٌ to the end of the noun or adjective.
Nouns or adjectives ending with the feminine ة drop this ending then add اتٌ :
tree شَجَرَةٌ
trees شَجَراتٌ
Some exceptions are:
woman - women إمْرَأَةٌ - نِساءٌ
nation - nations أُمَّةٌ - أُمَمٌ
Other examples:
Elative (comparative/superlative) feminine adjectives:
great, greater, or greatest
كُبْرى -
كُبْرَياتٌ
-
كَبيرَةٌ
Nouns with the feminine ending اء :
desert - deserts صَحْراءُ - صَحْرَواتٌ
All nouns of foreign origin:
television - televisions تِلْفِزْيونُ - تِلْفِزْيوناتٌ
See also: