Relative Adjectives

Relative adjectives are generally formed by adding ِيٌّ to the end of a noun:

دِمَشْقَ - دِمَشْقِيٌّ
(Damascus - Damascene/from Damascus)

Diacritic signs may be added, omitted, or changed within the noun. Nouns with ة at the end will drop it in the relative adjective:

مَكَّةُ - مَكِّيٌّ
(Mecca - Meccan/from Mecca)

For feminine nouns that end in اء, the ء will change to و in the relative adjective:

صَحْراءُ - صَحْراوِيٌّ
(desert - related to the desert)

For masculine nouns that end in اء, the ء may or may not change, and both forms are correct:

بِناءٌ - بِنائيٌّ
(building - related to buildings)